{"id":6804,"date":"2013-12-16T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2013-12-16T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/news\/co-je-to-pacht\/"},"modified":"2013-12-16T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2013-12-16T00:00:00","slug":"co-je-to-pacht","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/co-je-to-pacht\/","title":{"rendered":"Co je to pacht?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Czech Republic:&nbsp;Od 1. 1. 2014 m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159enech\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00ed v\u011bci k u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed bu\u010f n\u00e1jem, nebo pacht. Z\u00e1vis\u00ed na tom, zda opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e1 osoba bude moci br\u00e1t z v\u011bci u\u017eitky a plody. Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed \u00faprava n\u00e1jmu a pachtu se p\u0159itom v n\u011bkter\u00fdch aspektech li\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Od 1. 1. 2014, kdy nabude \u00fa\u010dinnosti nov\u00fd ob\u010dansk\u00fd z\u00e1kon\u00edk (\u201eNOZ&#8220;), bude nutn\u00e9 rozli\u0161ovat mezi n\u00e1jmem a pachtem. Rozd\u00edl mezi t\u011bmito dv\u011bma instituty je ten, \u017ee zat\u00edmco v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b n\u00e1jmu dojde pouze k p\u0159enech\u00e1n\u00ed u\u017e\u00edvac\u00edho pr\u00e1va k v\u011bci, u pachtu doch\u00e1z\u00ed z\u00e1rove\u0148 k p\u0159enech\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1va po\u017e\u00edvat v\u00fdnosy \u010di plody v\u011bci; rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159i ur\u010den\u00ed typu z\u00e1vazku je tedy v\u016fle smluvn\u00edch stran. O pacht se typicky bude jednat v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee se p\u0159enech\u00e1v\u00e1 zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fd pozemek (na kter\u00e9m bude dle o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed p\u011bstov\u00e1na p\u0161enice) \u010di za\u0159\u00edzen\u00e1 restaurace (kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 b\u00fdt d\u00e1le provozov\u00e1na), o n\u00e1jmu pak budeme hovo\u0159it nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i p\u0159enech\u00e1n\u00ed gar\u00e1\u017eov\u00e9ho st\u00e1n\u00ed (kter\u00e9 bude slou\u017eit k zaparkov\u00e1n\u00ed vozidla). Pronajme-li si tedy \u017eivnostn\u00edk za\u0159\u00edzen\u00fd st\u00e1nek na n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed k tomu, aby v n\u011bm op\u00e9kal a prod\u00e1val klob\u00e1sy, do 31. 12. 2013, bude uzav\u00edrat n\u00e1jemn\u00ed smlouvu. Pokud bude k uzav\u0159en\u00ed smlouvy p\u0159istoupeno po 1. 1. 2014, nebude se ji\u017e jednat o n\u00e1jem, ale o pacht.<\/p>\n<p>Pachtovn\u00ed smlouvu uzav\u00edr\u00e1 propachtovatel (ten, kdo propachtovanou v\u011bc vlastn\u00ed) a pacht\u00fd\u0159 (ten, kdo m\u00e1 b\u00fdt opr\u00e1vn\u011bn propachtovanou v\u011bc u\u017e\u00edvat a po\u017e\u00edvat jej\u00ed v\u00fdnosy \u010di plody). Z\u00e1kladn\u00edmi znaky pachtu je p\u0159enech\u00e1n\u00ed individu\u00e1ln\u011b ur\u010den\u00e9 v\u011bci (souboru v\u011bc\u00ed) k u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed a po\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jin\u00e9mu, do\u010dasnost a \u00faplatnost.<\/p>\n<p>Pacht je upraven v ustanoven\u00edch \u00a7 2332 a\u017e \u00a7 2357 NOZ. I p\u0159esto, \u017ee je pacht velmi podobn\u00fd n\u00e1jmu (pr\u00e1vn\u00ed \u00faprava n\u00e1jmu se ostatn\u011b podp\u016frn\u011b u\u017eije i na pacht, \u00a7 2341 NOZ), lze u pachtu naj\u00edt n\u011bkolik zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edch (odli\u0161n\u00fdch) pravidel.<\/p>\n<p>Odli\u0161nosti se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad skon\u010den\u00ed pachtu. Dle ustanoven\u00ed NOZ mimo jin\u00e9 plat\u00ed, \u017ee pacht ujednan\u00fd na dobu neur\u010ditou lze vypov\u011bd\u011bt v \u0161estim\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdpov\u011bdn\u00ed dob\u011b tak, aby skon\u010dil koncem pachtovn\u00edho roku. Pachtovn\u00ed rok se kryje s obdob\u00edm kalend\u00e1\u0159n\u00edho roku (v\u00fdjimkou je zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fd pacht, kde pachtovn\u00ed rok trv\u00e1 od 1. \u0159\u00edjna do 30. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edho roku). Nicm\u00e9n\u011b strany si mohou sjednat jin\u00e9 vymezen\u00ed pachtovn\u00edho roku.<\/p>\n<p>Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed pravidla se d\u00e1le t\u00fdkaj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, kdy je v\u011bc propachtov\u00e1na i s invent\u00e1\u0159em. V t\u00e9to souvislosti je t\u0159eba uv\u00e9st, \u017ee invent\u00e1\u0159 m\u016f\u017ee tvo\u0159it nejen vnit\u0159n\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00fdch prostor, ale i (hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1) zv\u00ed\u0159ata. O ty je pacht\u00fd\u0159 povinen pe\u010dovat (a obnovovat jejich stav) jako \u0159\u00e1dn\u00fd hospod\u00e1\u0159. Pro p\u0159\u00edpad, \u017ee se invent\u00e1\u0159 zni\u010d\u00ed nebo opot\u0159eb\u00ed do t\u00e9 m\u00edry, \u017ee u\u017e jej nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 d\u00e1le u\u017e\u00edvat, stanov\u00ed NOZ propachtovateli povinnost invent\u00e1\u0159 obnovit, leda\u017ee se \u0161koda p\u0159i\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 pacht\u00fd\u0159i.<\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1v\u011brem je t\u0159eba uv\u00e9st, \u017ee krom\u011b tzv. obecn\u00e9ho pachtu upravuje NOZ je\u0161t\u011b zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fd pacht (p\u0159edm\u011btem pachtu m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fd nebo lesn\u00ed pozemek) a pacht z\u00e1vodu.<\/p>\n<p>Mgr. Ond\u0159ej Tejnsk\u00fd, spolupracuj\u00edc\u00ed advok\u00e1t<a href=\"javascript:\/\/ EP_MESSAGE_PROTECTED\"><span><span><span><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><script type=\"text\/javascript\">emailProtector.addCloakedMailto(\"ep_14edc6eb\", 1);<\/script><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Czech Republic:&nbsp;Od 1. 1. 2014 m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159enech\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00ed v\u011bci k u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed bu\u010f n\u00e1jem, nebo pacht. Z\u00e1vis\u00ed na tom, zda opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e1 osoba bude moci br\u00e1t z v\u011bci u\u017eitky a plody. Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed \u00faprava n\u00e1jmu a pachtu se p\u0159itom v n\u011bkter\u00fdch aspektech li\u0161\u00ed. Od 1. 1. 2014, kdy nabude \u00fa\u010dinnosti nov\u00fd ob\u010dansk\u00fd z\u00e1kon\u00edk (\u201eNOZ&#8220;), bude nutn\u00e9 rozli\u0161ovat [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5470,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[78],"tags":[79],"class_list":["post-6804","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bnt","tag-czech"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6804","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6804"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6804\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5470"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6804"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6804"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6804"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}