Povinnost loajality v\u016f\u010di zam\u011bstnavateli je jednou ze z\u00e1kladn\u00edch z\u00e1sad pracovn\u00edho pr\u00e1va. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 jde o kl\u00ed\u010dovou povinnost zam\u011bstnance souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s v\u00fdkonem pr\u00e1ce.<\/p>\n
Povinnost loajality zam\u011bstnance k zam\u011bstnavateli nen\u00ed v \u010desk\u00e9m z\u00e1kon\u00edku pr\u00e1ce v\u00fdslovn\u011b definov\u00e1na. V posledn\u00ed dob\u011b se v\u0161ak jedn\u00e1 o \u0161iroce diskutovan\u00e9 t\u00e9ma. Povinnost loajality reflektuje i rozhodovac\u00ed praxe soud\u016f v oblasti pracovn\u00edho pr\u00e1va.<\/p>\n
V \u0161ir\u0161\u00edm pojet\u00ed je povinnost loajality projevem obecn\u00e9 z\u00e1sady \u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu pr\u00e1ce zam\u011bstnancem. V u\u017e\u0161\u00edm slova smyslu je tato povinnost vyj\u00e1d\u0159ena zejm\u00e9na v \u00a7 301 p\u00edsm. d) z\u00e1kon\u00edku pr\u00e1ce, dle kter\u00e9ho je zam\u011bstnanec povinen nejednat v rozporu s opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fdmi z\u00e1jmy zam\u011bstnavatele. Judikatura dovodila, \u017ee rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed pro posouzen\u00ed toho, zda se zam\u011bstnanec chov\u00e1 v souladu s t\u00edmto ustanoven\u00edm z\u00e1kon\u00edku pr\u00e1ce, nen\u00ed to, zda jeho jedn\u00e1n\u00ed je v souladu nebo v rozporu s pr\u00e1vn\u00edmi nebo jin\u00fdmi p\u0159edpisy, kter\u00e9 se vztahuj\u00ed k pr\u00e1ci j\u00edm vykon\u00e1van\u00e9. Ale to, zda objektivn\u011b jedn\u00e1n\u00ed zam\u011bstnance sm\u011b\u0159ovalo k ochran\u011b majetku zam\u011bstnavatele nebo proti n\u011bmu, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b, zda jednal \u010di nejednal v rozporu s opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fdmi z\u00e1jmy zam\u011bstnavatele. \u00dast\u0159edn\u00edm motivem povinnosti loajality jsou tedy opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy zam\u011bstnavatele, a to i p\u0159es to, \u017ee zam\u011bstnanec jednal v souladu s p\u0159edpisy. Za opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy zam\u011bstnavatele se d\u00e1 pova\u017eovat zejm\u00e9na \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e1 realizace jeho \u010dinnosti, dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f, reprezentace spole\u010dnosti navenek, ochrana zdrav\u00ed a majetku zam\u011bstnavatele.<\/p>\n
Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed, judikaturou dovozen\u00e9, projevy povinnosti loajality zam\u011bstnance pat\u0159\u00ed zejm\u00e9na: povinnost ml\u010denlivosti, povinnost zachov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 m\u00edry kritiky zam\u011bstnavatele, povinnost ochrany dobr\u00e9ho jm\u00e9na zam\u011bstnavatele, povinnost ur\u010dit\u00e9 slu\u0161nosti v\u016f\u010di zam\u011bstnavateli, povinnost zachov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bry mezi zam\u011bstnancem a zam\u011bstnavatelem, povinnost vyvarovat se st\u0159etu z\u00e1jm\u016f, nebo povinnost zachov\u00e1n\u00ed korektn\u00edch vztah\u016f se spolupracovn\u00edky.<\/p>\n
Povinnost loajality zam\u011bstnance k zam\u011bstnavateli trv\u00e1 po celou dobu trv\u00e1n\u00ed pracovn\u011bpr\u00e1vn\u00edho vztahu a v n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech, nap\u0159. p\u0159i uzav\u0159en\u00ed konkuren\u010dn\u00ed dolo\u017eky, i po jeho skon\u010den\u00ed. Povinnost dodr\u017eovat loajalitu v\u016f\u010di zam\u011bstnavateli nen\u00ed omezena v\u00fdhradn\u011b na pracovn\u00ed dobu zam\u011bstnance. Zam\u011bstnanec m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt povinen dodr\u017eovat pr\u00e1vn\u00ed p\u0159edpisy vztahuj\u00edc\u00ed se k pr\u00e1ci j\u00edm vykon\u00e1van\u00e9 (nap\u0159. povinnost chr\u00e1nit majetek zam\u011bstnavatele a nejednat v rozporu s opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fdmi z\u00e1jmy zam\u011bstnavatele) i mimo pracovn\u00ed dobu v dob\u011b sv\u00e9ho odpo\u010dinku (nap\u0159. aktivita zam\u011bstnance na soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch).<\/p>\n
Dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed povinnosti loajality ze strany zam\u011bstnance v\u0161ak nen\u00ed povinnost\u00ed absolutn\u00ed. Jak vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 z rozhodovac\u00ed praxe \u00dastavn\u00edho soudu, d\u016fvodem pro jedn\u00e1n\u00ed zam\u011bstnance v rozporu s opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fdmi z\u00e1jmy zam\u011bstnavatele, je\u017e v\u0161ak neodporuj\u00ed z\u00e1konu, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nap\u0159. existence ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho z\u00e1jmu (ochrana \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159edn\u00ed, zdrav\u00ed ob\u010dan\u016f atd.). Obdobn\u011b nelze za poru\u0161en\u00ed povinnost\u00ed d\u00e1le pova\u017eovat takov\u00e9 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed zam\u011bstnance v rozporu s opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fdmi z\u00e1jmy zam\u011bstnavatele, kter\u00fdm zam\u011bstnanec ozn\u00e1m\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00edmu z\u00e1stupci nebo policejn\u00edmu org\u00e1nu sp\u00e1ch\u00e1n\u00ed trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu, o jeho\u017e sp\u00e1ch\u00e1n\u00ed se hodnov\u011brn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem dozv\u011bd\u011bl a jeho\u017e neozn\u00e1men\u00ed by napl\u0148ovalo skutkovou podstatu jin\u00e9ho trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu (neozn\u00e1men\u00ed trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu).<\/p>\n
P\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 poru\u0161en\u00ed povinnosti loajality zam\u011bstnance je samoz\u0159ejm\u011b pot\u0159eba hodnotit v\u017edy s ohledem na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed okolnosti ka\u017ed\u00e9ho jednotliv\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edpadu. Z rozhodovac\u00ed praxe plyne, \u017ee jedn\u00e1n\u00ed zam\u011bstnance, kter\u00e9 poru\u0161\u00ed povinnost loajality, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt d\u016fvodem pro v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f podle \u00a7 52 p\u00edsm. g) z\u00e1kon\u00edku pr\u00e1ce a v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 hrub\u00e9 intenzity poru\u0161en\u00ed tak\u00e9 d\u016fvodem pro okam\u017eit\u00e9 zru\u0161en\u00ed pracovn\u00edho pom\u011bru zam\u011bstnavatelem.<\/p>\n
Zdroj:Z\u00e1kon\u00edk pr\u00e1ce (z\u00e1kon \u010d. 262\/2006 Sb.)Judikatura Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho soudu \u010cR a \u00dastavn\u00edho soudu \u010cR<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Povinnost loajality v\u016f\u010di zam\u011bstnavateli je jednou ze z\u00e1kladn\u00edch z\u00e1sad pracovn\u00edho pr\u00e1va. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 jde o kl\u00ed\u010dovou povinnost zam\u011bstnance souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s v\u00fdkonem pr\u00e1ce. Povinnost loajality zam\u011bstnance k zam\u011bstnavateli nen\u00ed v \u010desk\u00e9m z\u00e1kon\u00edku pr\u00e1ce v\u00fdslovn\u011b definov\u00e1na. V posledn\u00ed dob\u011b se v\u0161ak jedn\u00e1 o \u0161iroce diskutovan\u00e9 t\u00e9ma. Povinnost loajality reflektuje i rozhodovac\u00ed praxe soud\u016f v oblasti pracovn\u00edho pr\u00e1va. V […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5464,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[78],"tags":[79],"class_list":["post-6798","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bnt","tag-czech"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6798","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6798"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6798\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5464"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6798"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6798"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6798"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}