{"id":19341,"date":"2026-10-19T10:49:18","date_gmt":"2026-10-19T10:49:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/dvoji-najemne-ve-svetle-principu-soukromeho-prava\/"},"modified":"2026-10-19T11:05:27","modified_gmt":"2026-10-19T11:05:27","slug":"dvoji-najemne-ve-svetle-principu-soukromeho-prava","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/dvoji-najemne-ve-svetle-principu-soukromeho-prava\/","title":{"rendered":"Dvoj\u00ed n\u00e1jemn\u00e9 ve sv\u011btle princip\u016f soukrom\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Lze platn\u011b uzav\u0159\u00edt dv\u011b n\u00e1jemn\u00ed smlouvy k t\u00e9mu\u017e p\u0159edm\u011btu a inkasovat tak dvoj\u00ed n\u00e1jemn\u00e9? \u00dastavn\u00ed soud potvrdil d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed judikaturu.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Dvoj\u00ed n\u00e1jem a jeho p\u0159\u00edpustnost<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P\u0159\u00edpustnost tzv. dvoj\u00edho n\u00e1jmu, tedy situace, kdy k t\u00e9\u017ee v\u011bci existuj\u00ed soub\u011b\u017en\u011b dv\u011b platn\u00e9 n\u00e1jemn\u00ed smlouvy, potvrdil \u00dastavn\u00ed soud ji\u017e v n\u00e1lezu ze dne 13. 9. 2019, sp. zn. II. \u00daS 4235\/18. V n\u011bm jednozna\u010dn\u011b uzav\u0159el, \u017ee <strong>samotn\u00e1 existence dvou n\u00e1jemn\u00edch smluv k t\u00e9\u017ee v\u011bci nem\u016f\u017ee opodstat\u0148ovat z\u00e1v\u011br o absolutn\u00ed neplatnosti<\/strong> druh\u00e9 z nich, nebo\u0165 takov\u00fd v\u00fdklad by byl v rozporu s pr\u00e1vem na svobodn\u00e9 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed dle \u010dl. 2 odst. 3 Listiny z\u00e1kladn\u00edch pr\u00e1v a svobod a se z\u00e1sadou <strong><em>pacta sunt servanda<\/em> (smlouvy se maj\u00ed dodr\u017eovat)<\/strong>. Na tento z\u00e1v\u011br nyn\u00ed nav\u00e1zal n\u00e1lezem ze dne 15. 4. 2026, sp. zn. II. \u00daS 98\/26, v n\u011bm\u017e se zab\u00fdval ot\u00e1zkou, zda je po\u017eadavek pronaj\u00edmatele na dvoj\u00ed n\u00e1jemn\u00e9 v rozporu s dobr\u00fdmi mravy.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Dvoj\u00ed n\u00e1jemn\u00e9 a dobr\u00e9 mravy<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V posuzovan\u00e9 v\u011bci pronaj\u00edmatel\u00e9 po skon\u010den\u00ed faktick\u00e9ho u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed bytu jednou n\u00e1jemkyn\u00ed pronajali byt nov\u00e9mu n\u00e1jemci, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e n\u00e1jemn\u00ed smlouva s p\u016fvodn\u00ed n\u00e1jemkyn\u00ed dosud trvala. Obecn\u00e9 soudy v\u0161ech t\u0159\u00ed stup\u0148\u016f sice spr\u00e1vn\u011b uznaly, \u017ee existence dvoj\u00edho n\u00e1jmu v souladu s p\u0159edchoz\u00ed judikaturou nem\u00e1 vliv na platnost \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 z n\u00e1jemn\u00edch smluv, av\u0161ak po\u017eadavek na dvoj\u00ed n\u00e1jemn\u00e9 ozna\u010dily za jedn\u00e1n\u00ed v rozporu s dobr\u00fdmi mravy (\u00a7 8 ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kon\u00edku), a tedy za zjevn\u00e9 zneu\u017eit\u00ed pr\u00e1va.<br\/><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00dastavn\u00ed soud tento p\u0159\u00edstup ozna\u010dil za sv\u00e9volnou \u201ezkratku\u201c. Ob\u010dansk\u00fd z\u00e1kon\u00edk toti\u017e na situaci dvoj\u00edho n\u00e1jmu v\u00fdslovn\u011b pamatuje v \u00a7 2208 odst. 1, kter\u00fd stanov\u00ed, \u017ee znemo\u017e\u0148uje-li vada (v\u010d. u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bci jin\u00fdm n\u00e1jemcem) zcela u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed, m\u00e1 n\u00e1jemce z\u00e1konem p\u0159iznan\u00e1 pr\u00e1va. Z tohoto ustanoven\u00ed tak jednozna\u010dn\u011b plyne, \u017ee z\u00e1konod\u00e1rce dvoj\u00ed n\u00e1jemn\u00e9 samo o sob\u011b za rozporn\u00e9 s dobr\u00fdmi mravy nepova\u017euje.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Princip vigilantnosti a obrana n\u00e1jemce<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"has-background wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"background-color:#f5fef0\">\u00dastavn\u00ed soud nad r\u00e1mec sv\u00e9 p\u0159edchoz\u00ed judikatury zd\u016fraznil, \u017ee ustanoven\u00ed \u00a7 2208 ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kon\u00edku respektuje d\u016fle\u017eitou z\u00e1sadu, \u017ee<strong> pr\u00e1va n\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed jen bd\u011bl\u00fdm <em>(vigilantibus iura scripta sunt)<\/em><\/strong>. N\u00e1jemce, kter\u00e9mu je u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed bytu znemo\u017en\u011bno z d\u016fvodu jeho u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jin\u00fdm n\u00e1jemcem, se mus\u00ed s\u00e1m aktivn\u011b dom\u00e1hat sv\u00fdch pr\u00e1v stanoven\u00fdch t\u00edmto ustanoven\u00edm, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b pr\u00e1v podle speci\u00e1ln\u00edch ustanoven\u00ed ve vztahu k n\u00e1jmu bytu (\u00a7 2265 a 2266) nebo podnikatelsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1jmu (\u00a7 2318 a 2319), tj. pr\u00e1va na prominut\u00ed\/slevu z n\u00e1jemn\u00e9ho nebo pr\u00e1vo na v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f n\u00e1jmu bez v\u00fdpov\u011bdn\u00ed doby. <strong>Pokud tak neu\u010din\u00ed, nelze nedostatek jeho aktivity p\u0159i\u010d\u00edtat k t\u00ed\u017ei pronaj\u00edmatele.<\/strong><br\/>Vylou\u010den\u00ed t\u011bchto pr\u00e1v n\u00e1jemce z vadn\u00e9ho pln\u011bn\u00ed je mo\u017en\u00e9 pouze v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b, a za p\u0159edpokladu, \u017ee<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#f5fef0\">(i) se nabyvatel pr\u00e1v p\u00edsemn\u011b vzd\u00e1;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#f5fef0\">(ii) nejde o n\u00e1jem bytu \u010di o vztah se spot\u0159ebitelem, a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#f5fef0\">(iii) neodporuje-li takov\u00e9 ujedn\u00e1n\u00ed dobr\u00fdm mrav\u016fm.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zdroj: <strong><\/strong>N\u00e1lez \u00dastavn\u00edho soudu ze dne 15. 4. 2026, sp. zn. II. \u00daS 98\/26<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Autor:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/t&#xFD;m\/adam-dumsky\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/t%C3%BDm\/adam-dumsky\/\">Adam Dumsk\u00fd,<\/a> Junior Associate, <a href=\"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/oblasti-praxe\/nemovitosti-a-stavebnictvi\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/oblasti-praxe\/nemovitosti-a-stavebnictvi\/\">Real Estate and Construction<\/a>, LYNX Czech Republic<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Lze platn\u011b uzav\u0159\u00edt dv\u011b n\u00e1jemn\u00ed smlouvy k t\u00e9mu\u017e p\u0159edm\u011btu a inkasovat tak dvoj\u00ed n\u00e1jemn\u00e9? \u00dastavn\u00ed soud potvrdil d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed judikaturu. Dvoj\u00ed n\u00e1jem a jeho p\u0159\u00edpustnost P\u0159\u00edpustnost tzv. dvoj\u00edho n\u00e1jmu, tedy situace, kdy k t\u00e9\u017ee v\u011bci existuj\u00ed soub\u011b\u017en\u011b dv\u011b platn\u00e9 n\u00e1jemn\u00ed smlouvy, potvrdil \u00dastavn\u00ed soud ji\u017e v n\u00e1lezu ze dne 13. 9. 2019, sp. zn. II. \u00daS [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":19331,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[276],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19341","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-real-estate"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19341","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19341"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19341\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19348,"href":"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19341\/revisions\/19348"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19331"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19341"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19341"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lynx.legal\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19341"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}